First: immobilize and ice
- 1Do NOT move the injured area
- 2Apply ice wrapped in cloth for 15-20 minutes
- 3Elevate the injured limb above heart level if possible
- 4Give ibuprofen for pain and swelling
Assess the injury
Answer these questions to find out if it needs an X-ray.
Signs That Need Immediate Care
Go to the ER or call 911 if you see any of these
- Visible deformity (bent, twisted, or shortened limb)
- Bone visible through skin (open fracture)
- Cannot bear weight or use the limb at all
- Numbness, tingling, or cold/pale fingers/toes
- Rapid severe swelling (within minutes)
- Heard a snap or crack at the time of injury
- Pain when pressing directly on the bone
Likely a Sprain - Try RICE First
These suggest a minor injury that may heal with home care
- Can still move and bear some weight (with pain)
- Swelling develops gradually over hours
- Pain is around a joint, not along the bone
- No visible deformity - looks normal but swollen
- Can wiggle fingers or toes normally
Frequently Asked Questions
My child can move it - does that mean it is not broken?
No. Children can sometimes move a broken bone, especially with buckle fractures (common in wrists). The ability to move does not rule out a fracture. If there is significant pain, swelling, or they are not using the limb normally, get an X-ray.
Should I use heat or ice?
Use ICE for the first 48-72 hours - it reduces swelling and pain. After 48-72 hours, you can alternate ice and gentle heat. Never apply ice directly to skin - always wrap it in a cloth.
When can my child return to sports?
This depends on the injury. Mild sprains: 1-2 weeks. Moderate sprains: 2-6 weeks. Fractures: 4-8 weeks (your doctor will advise). Return too early and re-injury is common. Your child should have full range of motion and no pain before returning.
Do I need to go to the ER or can I wait for my doctor?
Go to the ER if: there is an obvious deformity, bone is visible, fingers/toes are numb or cold, or the child is in severe pain. Otherwise, your pediatrician or urgent care can evaluate and order X-rays during office hours.
This guide is for quick reference and does not replace professional medical advice. When in doubt, call your pediatrician or go to the ER.